The Bound Words Bibliography

Introductory Remarks

Expressions with bound words (or hapax legomena, cranberry words, unique lexemes) constitute a special class of phraseological units. A bound word is a word that only occurs as part of one or a small number of expressions. Examples from English are make headway, to cudgel one's brains. These expressions have received some attention within the phraseological literature, but only rarely have they been in the main focus of the discussion. With this bibliography we hope to provide a good starting point for researchers who want to explore these extremely puzzling words and expressions in more detail.

This bibliography is intended to collect mainly scientific publications that are primarily concerned with bound words. In addition, we also include publications that devote some attention to the phenomenon of (expressions with) bound words. At the moment, the bibliography is clearly biased towards publications on German, English and Dutch. We would be very grateful for references to literature on other languages.

This page is work in progress. It is part of a research project, which means that we can only guarantee its maintainance for the term of the project (i.e. until December 2008).

We are aware of the incompleteness of the bibliography. Therefore, we are grateful for all comments and references to other work related to bound words. Please contact Frank Richter.

(Hopefully) Useful Links

More general phraseological bibliographies

[Aronoff, 1976]

Mark Aronoff (1976). Word Formation in Generative Grammar. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England.

[Asudeh and Klein, 2002]

Ash Asudeh and Ewan Klein (2002). Shape Conditions and Phonolgical Context. In: Proceedings of the 8th International HPSG Conference. pp. 20--30. Published by CSLI Publications, CA.

[Benson et al., 1997]

Morton Benson and Evelyn Benson and Robert Ilson (eds.) (1997). The BBI Dictionary of English Word Combinations. Benjamins, Amsterdam and Philadelphia, 2nd edition.

[Brewer, 1927]

E. Cobham Brewer (1927). A Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Cassell and Company, London.

[Burger et al., 1982]

Harald Burger and Annelies Buhofer and Ambros Sialm (1982). Handbuch der Phraseologie. de Gruyter, Berlin, New York.

[Burger, 1998]

Harald Burger (1998). Phraseologie: Eine Einführung am Beispiel des Deutschen. Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin.

[Carlson, 1977]

Greg N. Carlson (1977). Amount Relatives. In: Language, 53:520--542.

[Dobrovol'skij, 1988]

Dmitrij Dobrovol'skij (1988). Phraseologie als Objekt der Universallinguistik. Verlag Enzyklopädie, Leipzig.

[Dobrovol'skij, 1989]

Dmitrij Dobrovol'skij (1989). Formal gebundene phraseologische Konstituenten: Klassifikationsgrundlagen und theoretische Analyse. In: Wolfgang Fleischer and Rudolf Große and Gotthard Lerchner (eds.), Beiträge zur Erforschung der deutschen Sprache. Volume 9. pp. 57--78. Leipzig, Bibliographisches Institut.

[Dobrovol'skij, 1999]

Dmitrij Dobrovol'skij (1999). Haben transformationelle Defekte der Idiomstruktur semantische Ursachen? In: Nicole Fernandez Bravo and Irmtraud Behr and Claire Rozier (eds.), Phraseme und typisierende Rede. pp. 25--37. Stauffenburg, Tübingen.

[Dobrovol'skij and Piirainen, 1994]

Dmitrij Dobrovol'skij and Elisabeth Piirainen (1994). Sprachliche Unikalia im Deutschen: Zum Phänomen phraseologisch gebundener Formative. In: Folia Linguistica, 27(3--4):449--473.

[Dobrovol'skij and Piirainen, 1994]

Dmitrij Dobrovol'skij and Elisabeth Piirainen (1994). Phraseologisch gebundene Formative: auf dem Präsentierteller oder auf dem Abstellgleis? In: Zeitschrift für Germanistik, (NF 1):65--77.

[Feyaerts, 1990]

Kurt Feyaerts (1990). "Haben Sie auch etwas auf dem Kerbholz?" Eine lexikalisch-semantische Beschreibung phraseologisch gebundener Wörter im Deutschen und Niederländischen aus synchronischer Sicht. Master's Thesis, Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven, Departement Germaanse Filologie.

[Feyaerts, 1992]

Kurt Feyaerts (1992). Hebt u ook iets op uw kerfstok? Fraseologisch gebonden woorden in het Duits en het Nederlands. In: Handelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Maatschappij voor Taal- en Letterkunde en Geschiedenis, XLVI:73--88.

[Feyaerts, 1994]

Kurt Feyaerts (1994). Zur lexikalisch-semantischen Komplexität der Phraseologismen mit phraseologisch gebundenen Formativen. In: Sprachbilder zwischen Theorie und Praxis. pp. 133--162. Bochum.

[Fleischer, 1989]

Wolfgang Fleischer (1989). Deutsche Phraseologismen mit unikaler Komponente --- Struktur und Funktion. In: Gertrud Gréciano (ed.), Europhras 88. pp. 117--126.

[Fleischer, 1997]

Wolfgang Fleischer (1997). Phraseologie der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. Niemeyer, Tübingen, 2nd, revised edition edition.

[Flexner and Hauck, 1987]

Start Berg Flexner and Leonore Crary Hauck (eds.) (1987). The Random House Dictionary of the English Language. Random House, New York, 2nd edition.

[Häcki-Buhofer and Giuriato, 2002]

Annelies Häcki-Buhofer and Davide Giuriato (2002). "Unikalia" im Sprachgebrauch: phraseologisch gebundene Wörter und ihre lexikographische Erfassung. In: Elisabeth Piirainen and Ilpo Tapani Piirainen (eds.), Phraseologie in Raum und Zeit. pp. 125--160. Baltmannsweiler.

[Häcki-Buhofer, 2002]

Annelies Häcki-Buhofer (2002). Phraseologisch isolierte Wörter und Wortformen. In: Lexikologie. Ein internationales Handbuch zur Natur und Struktur von Wörtern und Wortschätzen. Volume 1. Halbband. pp. 429--433. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York.

[Hornby, 1995]

A. S. Hornby (ed.) (1995). Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English. Oxford, 5th edition.

[Höhle, 1978]

Tilman Höhle (1978). Lexikalistische Syntax: Die Aktiv-Passiv-Relation und andere Infinitkonstruktionen im Deutschen. In: Linguistische Arbeiten. Volume 67. pp. 26--29. Niemeyer, Tübingen.

[Knight and Schemann, 1997]

Paul Knight and Hans Schemann (1997). English-German Dictionary of Idioms. Supplement to the German-English Dictionary of Idioms. Routledge, London and New Yord.

[McCarthy, 1998]

Michael McCarthy (ed.) (1998). Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2nd edition.

[Mel'cuk, 1995]

Igor A. Mel'cuk (1995). Phrasemes in Language and Phraseology in Linguistics. In: Martin Everaert and Eric-Jan van der Linden and André Schenk and Ron Schreuder (eds.), Idioms. Structural and Psychological Perspectives. pp. 167--232. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

[Mel'cuk and Reuther, 1984]

Igor A. Mel'cuk and Tilmann Reuther (1984). Bemerkungen zur Lexikographischen Beschreibung von Phraseologismen und zum Problem unikaler Lexeme. In: Wiener Linguistische Gazette. Volume 33--34. pp. 19--34.

[Palm, 1995]

Christine Palm (1995). Phraseologie: Eine Einführung. Gunter Narr Verlag, Tübingen.

[Richter and Sailer, 2003]

Frank Richter and Manfred Sailer (2003). Cranberry Words in Formal Grammar. In: Claire Beyssade and Olivier Bonami and Patricia Cabredo Hofherr and Francis Corblin (eds.), Empirical Issues in Formal Syntax and Semantics. Volume 4. pp. 155--171. Paris, Presses Universitaires de Paris-Sorbonne.

[Riehemann, 2001]

Susanne Z. Riehemann (2001). A Constructional Approach to Idioms and Word Formation. PhD thesis, Stanford University.

[Sailer, 2003]

Manfred Sailer (2003). Arbeitsberichte des SFB 340, Nr. 161. Universität Stuttgart and Universität Tübingen. Phd thesis, Universität Tübingen.

[Sailer and Richter, 2002]

Manfred Sailer and Frank Richter (2002). Not for Love or Money: Collocations! In: Gerhard Jäger and Paola Monachesi and Gerald Penn and Shuly Wintner (eds.), Proceedings of Formal Grammar 2002. pp. 149--160.

[Sailer and Richter, 2002]

Manfred Sailer and Frank Richter (2002). Collocations and the Representation of Polarity. In: Gábor Alberti and Kata Balogh and Paul Dekker (eds.), Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Logic and Language. Pécs, pp. 129--138.

[Sinclair, 2002]

John M. Sinclair (ed.) (2002). Collins Cobuild Dictionary of Idioms. Harper Collins Publishers, Glasgow, 2nd edition.

[Soehn, 2003]

Jan-Philipp Soehn (2003). Von Geisterhand zu Potte gekommen. Eine HPSG-Analyse von PPs mit unikaler Komponente. Magisterarbeit, Universität Tübingen, Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft.

[Soehn and Sailer, 2003]

Jan-Philipp Soehn and Manfred Sailer (2003). At First Blush on Tenterhooks. About Selectional Restrictions Imposed by Nonheads. In: Gerald Penn Gerhard Jäger and Paola MonachesiShuly Wintner (eds.), Proceedings of Formal Grammar 2003. pp. 149--161.

[van der Wouden, 1997]

Ton van der Wouden (1997). Negative Contexts. Collocation, Polarity and Multiple Negation. Routledge, London and New York. On bound words: Section 5.2, p. 46..

[Wyld, 1932]

Henry C. Wyld (ed.) (1932). The Universal Disctionar of the English Language. Amalgamated Press, London.